Groups According To Their Composition
When members of a group have similar interests, needs, motivation and personality characteristics, referred to as a homogeneous group. It was discovered that homogeneous groups are more effective to manage simple and routine tasks. Their compatibility facilitates its dynamic is less exposed to the conflict so that they have a more relaxed social environment but also generates conformism and passivity, making it very difficult that are facing extraordinary situations successfully. When their interests, needs, motives and personalities are very different, called heterogeneous group. Heterogeneous groups tend to work much more effectively than the homogeneous, especially when a variety of facts and opinions is required to resolve a set of difficult group tasks. Much better manage complex situations, especially those that require creativity and a wide range of skills and knowledge, which can bring different individuals. Because their personalities are different, more discussions are presented questions and put into question the reasoning of others resulting in a very active exchange of ideas and that often generates more rich and original solutions.
There is a great tendency to conflict. The large groups usually require two types of composition because they will need to homogeneous groups performing simple and repetitive, work in the same way they will need heterogeneous groups to solve important problems and develop creative and innovative ideas.Restricted to small groups, McGrath (1984, 1986) proposes a typology. Using a criteria from composition, duration and amplitude of the tasks. -Natural groups: are characterized by social units whose existence and conduct do not depend on any research project. Within the category of natural groups, McGrath distinguishes four distinct types:-family: are groups in which members have stay there for an unlimited or relatively long time perspective and which performs a wide repertoire of behaviors and activities.
-Expedition: also performed a wide repertoire of behaviours and activities, but within a defined period of time more or less predictable (e.g.: in a summer camp). -Crew: Are groups specially trained, coordinated and stable to execute only certain types of specific tasks in your professional field, repeating always routinely with the same people in the same positions, the same tasks and with the same objectives. (E.g.: sports teams). -Task (task force) Group: are groups created in natural circumstances for carrying out a specific task, only for the time strictly necessary for its completion. Examples, a jury in a trial. -Conceptual groups: are social units that exist solely motivated by his participation in an investigation. They are groups created by the researcher with specific characteristics for research purposes. So that its composition, structure, tasks, goals and processes are modified by the researchers according to their specific objectives. -Quasigroups: Are groups similar to the conceptual groups whose processes of social interaction and/or task are so restricted by the control of the investigator who have no opportunity to develop any of the features that make a set of subjects to actually form a group. Curso Animador specialist groups Dynamics original author and source of the article
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